|
Variable
|
Patients
|
Controls
|
P valuec
|
|---|
|
Age (years)
| | |
0.069
|
|
Mean ± standard deviation
|
49.9 ± 10.3
|
48.3 ± 10.8
| |
|
Sex
| | |
1.000
|
|
Men
|
236 (81.4)
|
236 (81.4)
| |
|
Women
|
54 (18.6)
|
54 (18.6)
|
|
Ethnicity
| | |
1.000
|
|
Chinese
|
273 (94.1)
|
273 (94.1)
| |
|
Malay
|
15 (5.2)
|
15 (5.2)
|
|
Indian
|
2 (0.7)
|
2 (0.7)
|
|
Marital status
| | |
0.519
|
|
Not married
|
47 (16.3)
|
60 (20.7)
| |
|
Widowed
|
4 (1.4)
|
4 (1.4)
|
|
Divorced
|
11 (3.8)
|
8 (2.8)
|
|
Currently married
|
228 (78.6)
|
218 (75.2)
|
|
Education
| | |
<0.001
|
|
None
|
6 (2.1)
|
2 (0.7)
| |
|
Primary
|
52 (17.9)
|
11 (3.8)
|
|
Secondary
|
117 (40.3)
|
70 (24.1)
|
|
Tertiary and higher
|
115 (39.7)
|
207 (71.4)
|
|
Chinese dialecta
| | |
0.051
|
|
Cantonese
|
46 (16.9)
|
61 (22.3)
| |
|
Hakkas
|
25 (9.2)
|
21 (7.7)
|
|
Hokkien
|
125 (45.8)
|
96 (35.2)
|
|
Teo Chew
|
55 (20.2)
|
60 (22.0)
|
|
Othersb
|
22 (8.1)
|
35 (12.8)
|
|
WHO type of NPC
| | | |
|
I
|
2 (0.7)
|
NA
| |
|
II
|
55 (19.0)
|
NA
| |
|
III
|
231 (79.6)
|
NA
| |
|
Unknown
|
2 (0.7)
|
NA
| |
- Except for the data of age, other values are presented as the number of pairs followed by percentages in the parentheses
-
NA not applicable
-
aAmong 290 pairs of participants, 273 were Chinese
-
bOther dialects included Hainanese, Fuchow, Hinghwa, HockChia, Peranakan, Shangainese, and Wenzhou
-
cBased on Chi square test, Fisher’s exact test, or t test where appropriate; P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant
