Table 4 Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses to identify predictors for overall survival (n = 309) of PDAC patients in the original cohort
Variable | Univariate | Multivariate | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
HR (95% CI) | P | HR (95% CI) | P | |
Age | 1.001 (0.983–1.019) | 0.902 |  |  |
Gender (male vs. female) | 1.048 (0.729–1.509) | 0.799 |  |  |
BMI | 1.005 (0.945–1.068) | 0.884 |  |  |
ASA score (1 vs. 2 vs. 3) | 1.053 (0.700–1.583) | 0.804 |  |  |
Charlson comorbidity index (0 vs. 1 vs. ≥ 2) | 0.846 (0.646–1.109) | 0.226 |  |  |
Year of operation (2013–2015 vs. 2016–2017) | 0.708 (0.467–1.073) | 0.103 |  |  |
Tumor differentiation (well-moderate vs. poor) | 1.909 (1.318–2.764) | 0.001 | 2.020 (1.368–2.984) | < 0.001 |
Nerve invasion (yes vs. no) | 1.168 (0.749–1.821) | 0.494 |  |  |
T stage (1 vs. 2 vs. 3) | 1.459 (1.041–2.045) | 0.028 | 1.452 (0.986–2.138) | 0.059 |
N stage (0 vs. 1 vs. 2) | 1.294 (1.009–1.659) | 0.042 | 1.140 (0.478–2.718) | 0.768 |
AJCC TNM stage (I vs. II vs. III) | 1.334 (1.037–1.716) | 0.025 | 1.167 (0.467–2.915) | 0.740 |
Adjuvant treatment (yes vs. no) | 0.410 (0.290–0.580) | < 0.001 | 0.364 (0.245–0.539) | < 0.001 |
Operative time | 1.000 (0.999–1.002) | 0.693 |  |  |
Estimated blood loss | 1.000 (0.999–1.001) | 0.712 |  |  |
Blood transfusion (yes vs. no) | 1.107 (0.704–1.742) | 0.659 |  |  |
No. of resected lymph nodes | 1.012 (0.994–1.031) | 0.191 |  |  |
R0 resection (yes vs. no) | 0.342 (0.085–1.385) | 0.133 |  |  |
Surgical approach (LPD vs. OPD) | 1.483 (1.031–2.135) | 0.034 | 1.042 (0.675–1.608) | 0.853 |