Fig. 1

Chemoresistant prostate cancer (PCa) cells show epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) changes comparing with their parental cells. a Morphology of parental PC3 and DU145 cells, and chemoresistant PC3-TxR and DU145-TxR cells was observed under a microscope at 200× magnification. b The expression of EMT markers in PC3, DU145, PC3-TxR, and DU145-TxR cells was detected using semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). ZEB-1, E-box binding homeobox-1; TGF-β, transforming growth factor beta; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. c Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) analysis results show alterations in the mRNA levels of EMT markers in chemoresistant cells comparing with parental cells. d The expression of EMT-related proteins in PC3, DU145, PC3-TxR, and DU145-TxR cells was analyzed using Western blotting assay. Quantification data are presented as mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM). **P < 0.01, *P < 0.05