Table 1 Comparison of baseline characteristics between PDAC patients in the OPD and LPD groups

Total (cases)

230

79

93

55

Age [years, median (IQR)]

64.0 (57.0–69.3)

64.0 (56.0–70.0)

0.817

64.0 (59.0–70.5)

63.0 (54.0–69.0)

0.337

Gender [cases (%)]

0.027

0.959

 Male

140 (60.9)

59 (74.7)

68 (73.1)

40 (72.7)

 Female

90 (39.1)

20 (25.3)

25 (26.9)

15 (27.3)

BMI [kg/m², median (IQR)]

22.5 (20.5–24.2)

23.2 (20.7–25.3)

0.100

22.3 (20.3–23.9)

23.0 (20.7–25.2)

0.107

ASA score [cases (%)]

0.059

0.149

 1

43 (18.7)

6 (7.6)

18 (19.4)

5 (9.1)

 2

177 (77.0)

68 (86.1)

73 (78.5)

47 (85.5)

 3

10 (4.3)

5 (6.3)

2 (2.2)

3 (5.5)

Charlson comorbidity index [cases (%)]

0.324

0.356

 0

144 (62.6)

44 (55.7)

58 (62.4)

31 (56.4)

 1

64 (27.8)

29 (36.7)

28 (30.1)

22 (40.0)

 ≥ 2

22 (9.6)

6 (7.6)

7 (7.5)

2 (3.6)

Year of operation [cases (%)]

0.256

0.447

 2013–2015

114 (49.6)

45 (57.0)

55 (59.1)

29 (52.7)

 2016–2017

116 (50.4)

34 (43.0)

38 (40.9)

26 (47.3)

Tumor differentiation [cases (%)]

0.006

0.421

 Well-moderate

82 (35.7)

42 (53.2)

41 (44.1)

28 (50.9)

 Poor

148 (64.3)

37 (46.8)

52 (55.9)

27 (49.1)

Nerve invasion [cases (%)]

< 0.001

0.131

 Yes

203 (88.3)

44 (55.7)

73 (78.5)

37 (67.3)

 No

27 (11.7)

35 (44.3)

20 (21.5)

18 (32.7)

T stage [cases (%)]

0.001

0.835

 1

61 (26.5)

12 (15.2)

15 (16.1)

10 (18.2)

 2

158 (68.7)

54 (68.4)

73 (78.5)

41 (74.5)

 3

11 (4.8)

13 (16.5)

5 (5.4)

4 (7.3)

N stage [cases (%)]

0.942

0.886

 0

123 (53.5)

44 (55.7)

50 (53.8)

32 (58.2)

 1

86 (37.4)

28 (35.4)

35 (37.6)

19 (34.5)

 2

21 (9.1)

7 (8.9)

8 (8.6)

4 (7.3)

AJCC TNM stage [cases (%)]

0.794

0.831

 I

117 (50.9)

37 (46.8)

46 (49.5)

30 (54.5)

 II

92 (40.0)

35 (44.3)

39 (41.9)

21 (38.2)

 III

21 (9.1)

7 (8.9)

8 (8.6)

4 (7.3)

Adjuvant treatment [cases (%)]

< 0.001

0.701

 Yes

162 (70.4)

31 (39.2)

47 (50.5)

26 (47.3)

 No

68 (29.6)

48 (60.8)

46 (49.5)

29 (52.7)