A curative-intent endoscopic surgery for postradiation nasopharyngeal necrosis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Table 1 Associations between the clinical characteristics and the re-epithelialization of the nasopharyngeal defects for patients with postradiation nasopharyngeal necrosis who underwent radical necrectomy followed by reconstruction using posterior pedicle nasal septum and floor mucoperiosteum flap (NSFF)

Clinical characteristic	Total [cases (%)]	Re-epithelialization [cases (%)]		Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
Clinical characteristic	Total [cases (%)]	Survived	Necrotized	P value	OR (95% CI)	P value	OR (95% CI)
Total	72	51 (70.8)	21 (29.2)
Gender
Female	20 (27.8)	11 (21.6)	9 (42.9)
Male	52 (72.2)	40 (78.4)	12 (57.1)	0.072	2.727 (0.915–8.127)	0.778	1.328 (0.185–9.533)
Age (years)
< 51	32 (44.4)	21 (41.2)	11 (52.4)
≥ 51	40 (55.6)	30 (58.8)	10 (47.6)	0.386	0.636 (0.229–1.768)
Cycles of radiotherapy
One	50 (69.4)	40 (78.4)	10 (47.6)
Two	22 (30.6)	11 (21.6)	11 (52.4)	0.012	4.000 (1.351–11.845)	0.046	7.254 (1.035–50.821)
Necrosis-free interval
Acute necrosis	17 (23.6)	14 (27.5)	3 (14.3)
Chronic necrosis	55 (76.4)	37 (72.5)	18 (85.7)	0.240	2.270 (0.578–8.919)
Carotid artery exposure
Yes	25 (34.7)	19 (37.3)	6 (28.6)
No	47 (65.3)	32 (62.7)	15 (71.4)	0.483	0.674 (0.223–2.032)
Osteoradionecrosis
Yes	51 (70.8)	35 (68.6)	16 (76.2)
No	21 (29.2)	16 (31.4)	5 (23.8)	0.522	1.463 (0.456–4.692)
Postoperative pathological result
Negative	52 (72.2)	42 (82.4)	10 (47.6)
Positive	20 (27.8)	9 (17.6)	11 (52.4)	0.004	5.133 (1.677–15.714)	0.004	34.087 (3.168–366.746)
Status of the NSFF flap
Survived	56 (77.8)	49 (96.1)	7 (33.3)
Necrotized	16 (22.2)	2 (3.9)	14 (66.7)	< 0.001	49.000 (9.133–262.904)	< 0.001	261.179 (17.176–3971.599)

OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, NSFF posterior pedicle nasal septum, and floor mucoperiosteum flap

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