Fig. 8
From: Phenformin alone or combined with gefitinib inhibits bladder cancer via AMPK and EGFR pathways
Effects of phenformin on AMPK intracellular signaling pathways. Western blot analysis was used to examine the levels of total (t) and phosphorylated (p) forms of various signaling proteins in MB49, T24, and UMUC3 cells treated with phenformin at various concentrations. Control cells received no drugs. a–c Western blots of p-AMPK, p-mTOR, p-p70S6K, p-4EBP1, t-AMPK, t-mTOR, t-p70S6K and t-4EBP1. β-actin was included as a loading control. d–f Relative levels of various proteins. Results are mean ± SD. *P < 0.05, #P < 0.01 vs. control