Table 2 Cox proportional hazards regression analyses of cancer-specific survival at the time of diagnosis and cancer-specific conditional survival for gallbladder cancer survivors at 1, 3, and 5 years after diagnosis
From: Conditional survival in patients with gallbladder cancer
Characteristics | At diagnosis (n = 9760) | 1 year after diagnosis (n = 3232) | 3 years after diagnosis (n = 1178) | 5 years after diagnosis (n = 612) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patients | CSD | HR (95% CI) | P value | Survivors | CSCD | HR (95% CI) | P value | Survivors | CSCD | HR (95% CI) | P value | Survivors | CSCD | HR (95% CI) | P value | |
Age at diagnosis (years) | ||||||||||||||||
< 65 | 3056 | 1760 (57.6) | Reference | 1223 | 477 (39.0) | Reference | 470 | 63 (13.4) | Reference | 251 | 15 (6.0) | Reference | ||||
65–79 | 3975 | 2177 (54.8) | 1.178 (1.104–1.256) | < 0.001 | 1339 | 472 (35.3) | 1.038 (0.912–1.182) | 0.574 | 493 | 71 (14.4) | 1.117 (0.789–1.581) | 0.534 | 261 | 15 (5.7) | 0.971 (0.472–1.998) | 0.937 |
≥ 80 | 2729 | 1495 (54.8) | 1.584 (1.471–1.706) | < 0.001 | 670 | 213 (31.8) | 1.271 (1.068–1.513) | 0.007 | 215 | 32 (14.9) | 1.504 (0.967–2.338) | 0.070 | 100 | 4 (4.0) | 0.885 (0.290–2.698) | 0.830 |
Sex | ||||||||||||||||
Men | 3012 | 1633 (54.2) | Reference | 956 | 349 (36.5) | NA | 320 | 47 (14.7) | NA | 158 | 11 (7.0) | NA | ||||
Women | 6748 | 3799 (56.3) | 0.988 (0.931–1.049) | 0.689 | 2276 | 813 (35.7) | 858 | 119 (13.9) | 454 | 23 (5.1) | ||||||
Race | ||||||||||||||||
White | 7528 | 4148 (55.1) | Reference | 2506 | 886 (35.4) | Reference | 908 | 134 (14.8) | Reference | 473 | 28 (5.9) | NA | ||||
Black | 1163 | 683 (58.7) | 1.095 (1.009–1.189) | 0.030 | 370 | 151 (40.8) | 1.202 (1.009–1.432) | 0.040 | 128 | 15 (11.7) | 0.782 (0.455–1.346) | 0.375 | 64 | 5 (7.8) | ||
Others | 1040 | 596 (57.3) | 0.997 (0.914–1.087) | 0.945 | 347 | 125 (36.0) | 1.005 (0.831–1.215) | 0.958 | 139 | 17 (12.2) | 0.861 (0.515–1.441) | 0.569 | 73 | 1 (1.4) | ||
Unknown | 29 | 5 (17.2) | 0.374 (0.156–0.900) | 0.028 | 9 | 0 (0.0) | NA (NA) | 0.873 | 3 | 0 (0.0) | NA (NA) | 0.970 | 2 | 0 (0.0) | ||
Histology | ||||||||||||||||
Non-papillary | 9415 | 5343 (56.7) | Reference | 3007 | 1120 (37.2) | Reference | 1059 | 156 (14.7) | Reference | 547 | 33 (6.0) | NA | ||||
Papillary | 345 | 89 (25.8) | 0.550 (0.444–0.680) | < 0.001 | 225 | 42 (18.7) | 0.622 (0.454–0.851) | 0.003 | 119 | 10 (8.4) | 0.792 (0.411–1.527) | 0.486 | 65 | 1 (1.5) | ||
Grade | ||||||||||||||||
Grade 1–2 | 3648 | 1549 (42.5) | Reference | 1821 | 580 (31.9) | Reference | 716 | 105 (14.7) | Reference | 372 | 25 (6.7) | NA | ||||
Grade 3–4 | 2874 | 1760 (61.2) | 1.523 (1.419–1.634) | < 0.001 | 790 | 353 (44.7) | 1.152 (1.004–1.322) | 0.043 | 243 | 40 (16.5) | 0.744 (0.506–1.093) | 0.132 | 121 | 6 (5.0) | ||
Unknown | 3238 | 2123 (65.6) | 1.144 (1.052–1.244) | 0.002 | 621 | 229 (36.9) | 0.776 (0.639–0.942) | 0.010 | 219 | 21 (9.6) | 0.703 (0.409–1.206) | 0.200 | 119 | 3 (2.5) | ||
T category | ||||||||||||||||
T1 | 1520 | 525 (34.5) | Reference | 817 | 160 (19.6) | Reference | 433 | 34 (7.9) | Reference | 257 | 9 (3.5) | Reference | ||||
T2 | 2354 | 870 (37.0) | 1.153 (1.032–1.289) | 0.012 | 1276 | 361 (28.3) | 1.358 (1.118–1.649) | < 0.002 | 504 | 61 (12.1) | 1.446 (0.931–2.247) | 0.101 | 241 | 12 (5.0) | 1.346 (0.567–3.199) | 0.501 |
T3–4 | 4492 | 3033 (67.5) | 2.356 (2.133–2.602) | < 0.001 | 979 | 551 (56.3) | 2.916 (2.405–3.537) | < 0.001 | 212 | 62 (29.2) | 3.948 (2.486–6.270) | < 0.001 | 99 | 13 (13.1) | 3.388 (1.400–8.196) | 0.007 |
Unknown | 1394 | 1004 (72.0) | 1.897 (1.676–2.148) | < 0.001 | 160 | 90 (56.3) | 2.629 (1.913–3.613) | < 0.001 | 29 | 9 (31.0) | 7.250 (2.871–18.309) | < 0.001 | 15 | 0 (0.0) | NA (NA) | 0.980 |
N category | ||||||||||||||||
N0 | 5521 | 2601 (47.1) | Reference | 2220 | 646 (29.1) | Reference | 927 | 114 (12.3) | Reference | 495 | 20 (4.0) | NA | ||||
N1–2 | 2623 | 1683 (64.2) | 1.213 (1.137–1.294) | < 0.001 | 786 | 407 (51.8) | 1.493 (1.301–1.714) | < 0.001 | 188 | 41 (21.8) | 1.272 (0.845–1.915) | 0.248 | 82 | 12 (14.6) | ||
Unknown | 1616 | 1148 (71.0) | 1.277 (1.173–1.392) | < 0.001 | 226 | 109 (48.2) | 1.230 (0.947–1.598) | 0.120 | 63 | 11 (17.5) | 1.088 (0.429–2.763) | 0.858 | 35 | 2 (5.7) | ||
M category | ||||||||||||||||
M0 | 5594 | 2427 (43.4) | Reference | 2665 | 831 (31.2) | Reference | 1085 | 143 (13.2) | Reference | 568 | 30 (5.3) | Reference | ||||
M1 | 3266 | 2385 (73.0) | 2.050 (1.912–2.199) | < 0.001 | 408 | 258 (63.2) | 2.346 (1.987–2.769) | < 0.001 | 40 | 12 (30.0) | 2.022 (1.040–3.932) | 0.038 | 16 | 4 (25.0) | 4.620 (1.476–14.457) | 0.009 |
Unknown | 900 | 620 (68.9) | 1.417 (1.274–1.575) | < 0.001 | 159 | 73 (45.9) | 1.051 (0.784–1.409) | 0.741 | 53 | 11 (20.8) | 1.093 (0.447–2.675) | 0.845 | 28 | 0 (0.0) | NA (NA) | 0.976 |
Surgery | ||||||||||||||||
No | 3393 | 2427 (71.5) | Reference | 348 | 190 (54.6) | Reference | 55 | 4 (7.3) | Reference | 32 | 1 (3.1) | Reference | ||||
Yes | 6321 | 2970 (47.0) | 0.576 (0.532–0.624) | < 0.001 | 2873 | 968 (33.7) | 0.754 (0.605–0.940) | 0.012 | 1119 | 162 (14.5) | 4.403 (1.466–13.219) | 0.008 | 578 | 33 (5.7) | 3.000 (0.372–24.190) | 0.302 |
Unknown | 46 | 35 (76.1) | 0.980 (0.684–1.404) | 0.913 | 11 | 4 (36.4) | 0.841 (0.299–2.365) | 0.742 | 4 | 0 (0.0) | NA (NA) | 0.969 | 2 | 0 (0.0) | NA (NA) | 0.994 |
Radiotherapy | ||||||||||||||||
No | 8329 | 4694 (56.4) | Reference | 2483 | 829 (33.4) | Reference | 949 | 120 (12.6) | Reference | 505 | 25 (5.0) | NA | ||||
Yes | 1254 | 641 (51.1) | 0.740 (0.679–0.808) | < 0.001 | 687 | 314 (45.7) | 1.195 (1.035–1.379) | 0.015 | 215 | 45 (20.9) | 1.378 (0.933–2.035) | 0.107 | 100 | 9 (9.0) | ||
Unknown | 177 | 97 (54.8) | 0.876 (0.707–1.085) | 0.225 | 62 | 19 (30.6) | 0.897 (0.558–1.441) | 0.653 | 14 | 1 (7.1) | 0.583 (0.080–4.233) | 0.594 | 7 | 0 (0.0) | ||
Insurance | ||||||||||||||||
No | 1484 | 804 (54.2) | Reference | 436 | 135 (31.0) | Reference | 134 | 13 (9.7) | NA | 47 | 0 (0.0) | NA | ||||
Yes | 5311 | 2766 (52.1) | 0.891 (0.822–0.966) | 0.005 | 1769 | 586 (33.1) | 1.049 (0.867–1.269) | 0.625 | 547 | 53 (9.7) | 204 | 9 (4.4) | ||||
Unknown | 2965 | 1862 (62.8) | 1.061 (0.975–1.155) | 0.170 | 1027 | 441 (42.9) | 1.154 (0.948–1.405) | 0.154 | 497 | 100 (20.1) | 361 | 25 (6.9) | ||||
Marriage | ||||||||||||||||
No | 4610 | 2603 (56.5) | Reference | 1365 | 454 (33.3) | Reference | 480 | 70 (14.6) | NA | 237 | 15 (6.3) | NA | ||||
Yes | 4689 | 2591 (55.3) | 0.904 (0.852–0.958) | 0.001 | 1723 | 662 (38.4) | 1.093 (0.965–1.239) | 0.163 | 651 | 91 (14.0) | 346 | 19 (5.5) | ||||
Unknown | 461 | 238 (51.6) | 0.905 (0.792–1.035) | 0.144 | 144 | 46 (31.9) | 1.011 (0.746–1.371) | 0.942 | 47 | 5 (10.6) | 29 | 0 (0.0) | ||||