Autophagy and multidrug resistance in cancer

Cancer Communications

Table 1 Recent studies on the pro-survival role of autophagy in multidrug-resistant (MDR) cancer

Intervention for tumor treatment	Cell line	Method(s) to study autophagy	References
miR-23b-3p	Vincristine-resistant SGC7901	CQ, siRNAs (Atg12, HMGB2)	[60]
5-FU	Drug-resistant esophageal cancer cells	3-MA, siRNAs (Beclin1, Atg7)	[61]
Epirubicin	Epirubicin-resistant MDA-MB-231	CQ	[62]
Ursolic acid	PTEN-deficient PC3	3-MA, siRNAs (Atg5, Beclin1)	[63]
FTY720	Cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells	siRNAs (Beclin1, LC3), Baf A1	[64]
PI-103	PTEN-deficient glioma cell lines	siRNA (Atg5), Baf A1, 3-MA	[65]
PP2	Ras-NIH3T3/Mdr	3-MA	[66]
SAHA	Imatinib-resistant CML cells	CQ	[67]
B-raf inhibitors	B-Raf inhibitor-resistant melanoma cells	HCQ	[68]
Cisplatin	Cisplatin-resistant A549/DDP	3-MA	[69]
Docetaxel	Adriamycin-resistant MCF-7	CQ	[70]
Doxorubicin	Adriamycin-resistant MCF-7	CQ	[71]
Vincristine	VCR-resistant ovarian carcinoma SKVCR	3-MA, CQ	[72]

5-FU, 5-fluorouracil; FTY720, 2-amino-2-[2-(4-octylphenyl)]-1,3-propanediol hydrochloride; PP2, 4-amino-5-(4-chloro-phenyl)-7-(t-butyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine; SAHA, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid; PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homologue; CML, chronic myelogenous leukemia; VCR, vincristine resistance; CQ, chloroquine; siRNA, small interfering RNA; Atg, autophagy-related gene; HMGB2, high-mobility group box 2; 3-MA, 3-methyladenine; Baf A1, bafilomycin A1; LC3, protein 1 light chain 3; HCQ, hydroxychloroquine

ISSN: 2523-3548