Clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: a multicenter study in South China

Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analyses of prognostic factors for overall survival of 1183 patients with GEP-NENs

Variable	3-year OS rate (%)	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
Variable	3-year OS rate (%)	Log-rank χ²	P	B	SE	HR	95% CI	P
Gender		15.660	<0.001*	0.194	0.150	1.190	0.905–1.629	0.196
Female	84.1
Male	74.9
Age (years)		38.828	<0.001*	0.315	0.148	1.367	1.025–1.833	0.034
≤50	86.1
>50	71.4
Tumor functionality		2.821	0.093					ND
Nonfunctional	77.1
Functional	85.2
Tumor location		82.903	<0.001*					0.460
Stomach	64.6			NA	NA	1	Reference	NA
Pancreas	75.3			0.297	0.288	1.070	0.766–2.366	0.301
Small intestine	75.8			0.264	0.203	1.699	0.875–1.939	0.192
Appendix	86.0			0.456	0.279	1.665	0.913–2.726	0.103
Colon	48.5			0.216	0.213	1.227	0.817–1.883	0.311
Rectum	90.2			0.697	0.494	2.988	0.762–5.292	0.159
Tumor size (cm)		170.024	<0.001*					0.174
<2.0	92.6			NA	NA	1	Reference	NA
2.0–4.0	71.0			0.082	0.247	1.061	0.669–1.760	0.740
>4.0	55.7			0.364	0.263	1.411	0.859–2.408	0.167
Grade (WHO 2010 classification)		325.954	<0.001*					<0.001
G1	93.1			NA	NA	1	Reference	NA
G2	82.7			0.379	0.229	1.489	0.933–2.287	0.097
G3	43.1			1.627	0.221	5.172	3.301–7.837	<0.001
Tumor type		336.619	<0.001*					ND
NET	90.6
NEC	42.1
MANEC	37.9
T category (ENETS criteria)		204.865	<0.001*					0.401
T1	94.7			NA	NA	1	Reference	NA
T2	81.6			0.190	0.307	1.189	0.663–2.206	0.536
T3	60.1			0.454	0.308	1.594	0.862–2.878	0.140
T4	51.3			0.456	0.344	1.563	0.804–3.097	0.185
N category (ENETS criteria)		189.400	<0.001*	0.430	0.156	1.552	1.132–2.086	0.006
N0	88.2
N1	53.8
M category (ENETS criteria)		255.266	<0.001*	0.784	0.164	2.107	1.590–3.018	<0.001
M0	87.2
M1	46.8
TNM stage (ENETS criteria)		332.157	<0.001*					ND
I	96.0
II	87.3
III	64.0
IV	46.8
Surgery		212.543	<0.001*	0.521	0.175	1.730	1.195–2.370	0.003
Yes	84.4
No	39.3

OS overall survival, B beta value, SE standard error, HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, ND not detected, NA not applicable
* Variables with P value less than 0.05 entered into multivariate analyses, except for tumor type and TNM stage

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