|
Characteristica
|
Alcoholb
|
Preserved or fried foodc
|
|---|
|
Never (n = 391)
|
Occasional (n = 289)
|
Frequent (n = 372)
|
Occasional (n = 768)
|
Frequent (n = 284)
|
|---|
|
Age group (years)
|
|
<50
|
33 (8.4)
|
28 (9.7)
|
18 (4.8)
|
65 (8.5)
|
20 (7.0)
|
|
50–59
|
62 (15.9)
|
58 (20.1)
|
62 (16.7)
|
142 (18.5)
|
39 (13.7)
|
|
60–69
|
144 (36.8)
|
97 (33.6)
|
127 (34.2)
|
272 (35.5)
|
92 (32.4)
|
|
≥70
|
152 (38.9)
|
106 (36.7)
|
164 (44.2)^
|
288 (37.5)
|
133 (46.8)^
|
|
District of residence
|
|
New Territories
|
65 (17.3)
|
49 (17.3)
|
50 (13.9)
|
126 (16.9)
|
38 (13.9)
|
|
Kwai Tsing
|
30 (8.0)
|
30 (10.6)
|
34 (9.5)
|
67 (9.0)
|
27 (9.9)
|
|
Wong Tai Sin
|
68 (18.1)
|
58 (20.5)
|
67 (18.7)
|
147 (19.7)
|
46 (16.8)
|
|
Kowloon City
|
41 (10.9)
|
50 (17.7)
|
36 (10.0)
|
95 (12.8)
|
32 (11.7)
|
|
Yau Tsim Moog
|
27 (7.2)
|
20 (7.1)
|
40 (11.1)
|
65 (8.7)
|
22 (8.1)
|
|
Sham Shui Po
|
59 (15.7)
|
26 (9.2)
|
58 (16.2)
|
98 (13.2)
|
45 (16.5)
|
|
Others
|
86 (22.9)
|
50 (17.7)
|
74 (20.6)^
|
147 (19.7)
|
63 (23.1)
|
|
Education level
|
|
Primary school
|
102 (26.2)
|
50 (17.3)
|
110 (29.6)
|
179 (23.4)
|
84 (29.6)
|
|
Middle school
|
162 (41.5)
|
134 (46.4)
|
168 (45.3)
|
326 (42.6)
|
136 (47.9)
|
|
College or above
|
126 (32.3)
|
105 (36.3)
|
93 (25.1)^
|
261 (34.1)
|
64 (22.5)^
|
|
Marital status
|
|
Married
|
62 (15.9)
|
44 (15.2)
|
68 (18.3)
|
130 (16.9)
|
45 (15.8)
|
|
Others
|
329 (84.1)
|
245 (84.8)
|
304 (81.7)
|
638 (83.1)
|
239 (84.2)
|
|
Family income (Hong Kong dollars/month)
|
|
<4000
|
228 (58.6)
|
161 (55.7)
|
252 (67.7)
|
457 (59.7)
|
184 (64.8)
|
|
≥4000
|
100 (25.7)
|
88 (30.4)
|
79 (21.2)
|
198 (25.8)
|
69 (24.3)
|
|
Unknown
|
61 (15.7)
|
40 (13.8)
|
41 (11.1)^
|
111 (14.5)
|
31 (10.9)
|
|
Smoking status
d
|
|
Never
|
60 (15.4)
|
34 (11.8)
|
21 (5.6)
|
103 (13.4)
|
13 (4.6)
|
|
Former
|
99 (25.4)
|
90 (31.1)
|
109 (29.3)
|
208 (27.1)
|
87 (30.6)
|
|
Current
|
231 (59.2)
|
165 (57.1)
|
242 (65.1)^
|
456 (59.5)
|
184 (64.8)^
|
|
Cancer history in first-degree relatives
|
|
No
|
262 (67.2)
|
189 (65.4)
|
232 (62.5)
|
476 (62.1)
|
206 (72.5)
|
|
Yes
|
68 (17.4)
|
65 (22.5)
|
80 (21.6)
|
161 (21.1)
|
48 (16.9)
|
|
Not sure
|
60 (15.4)
|
35 (12.1)
|
59 (15.9)
|
129 (16.8)
|
30 (10.6)^
|
|
Charlson comorbidity index
|
|
0–2
|
384 (98.2)
|
287 (99.3)
|
364 (97.8)
|
753 (98.0)
|
282 (99.3)
|
|
3–6
|
7 (1.8)
|
2 (0.7)
|
8 (2.2)
|
15 (2.0)
|
2 (0.7)
|
|
Stage at diagnosis
|
|
I
|
52 (13.3)
|
30 (10.4)
|
36 (9.7)
|
90 (11.7)
|
28 (9.9)
|
|
II
|
11 (2.8)
|
17 (5.9)
|
20 (5.4)
|
34 (4.4)
|
16 (5.6)
|
|
III
|
105 (26.9)
|
92 (31.8)
|
129 (34.7)
|
243 (31.6)
|
80 (28.2)
|
|
IV
|
118 (30.2)
|
79 (27.3)
|
94 (25.3)
|
219 (28.5)
|
72 (25.3)
|
|
Unknown
|
105 (26.9)
|
71 (24.6)
|
93 (25.0)
|
182 (23.7)
|
88 (31.0)
|
|
Treatment
|
|
Surgery
|
26 (6.6)
|
20 (6.9)
|
37 (9.9)
|
57 (7.4)
|
20 (7.0)
|
|
Chemotherapy
|
52 (13.3)
|
40 (13.8)
|
38 (10.2)
|
94 (12.2)
|
34 (12.0)
|
|
Radiotherapy
|
79 (20.2)
|
49 (17.0)
|
76 (20.4)
|
140 (18.2)
|
62 (21.8)
|
|
Others
|
8 (2.0)
|
7 (2.4)
|
14 (3.8)
|
18 (2.3)
|
11 (3.9)
|
|
No treatment
|
122 (31.2)
|
95 (32.9)
|
106 (28.5)
|
233 (30.3)
|
88 (31.0)
|
|
Combination
|
104 (26.6)
|
78 (27.0)
|
101 (27.2)
|
226 (29.4)
|
69 (24.3)
|
|
BMI
e
(mean ± SD)
|
21.2 ± 3.3
|
21.3 ± 3.1
|
21.1 ± 3.3
|
21.4 ± 3.2
|
20.7 ± 3.2*
|
-
BMI body mass index, SD standard deviation
-
^
P < 0.05 in the Chi Square test or Fisher’s exact test
- * P < 0.05 in t test
-
a Number of cases with missing data: 34 for district of residence; 2 for education level, family income, and cancer in first-degree relatives; 1 for age group and smoking status
-
b Occasional consumer: 1–3 days/week; frequent consumer: ≥4 days/week
-
c Occasional consumer: <1 serving/day; frequent consumer: ≥1 serving/day
-
d Never smoker: smoking <20 packs of cigarettes in a lifetime or ≤1 cigarette per day for 1 year; former smoker: quit smoking ≥2 years ago; current smoker: still smoking or quit <2 years ago
-
e Except this one, other values are presented as number of cases followed by percentage in parentheses
