Table 1 Mapping from hallmarks to Gene ontology (GO) processes
From: A multilevel pan-cancer map links gene mutations to cancer hallmarks
Hallmark | No. of genes | No. of pathways | Linked GO processes and function | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sustaining proliferative signaling | 343 | 50 | GO:0008283, cell proliferation | |
GO:0016049, cell growth | ||||
GO:0007049, cell cycle | ||||
GO:0051301, cell division | ||||
GO:0008284, positive regulation of cell proliferation | ||||
GO:0030307, positive regulation of cell growth | ||||
GO:0045787, positive regulation of cell cycle | ||||
GO:0051781, positive regulation of cell division | ||||
Evading growth suppressors | 182 | 13 | GO:0009968, negative regulation of signal transduction | |
GO:0008285, negative regulation of cell proliferation | ||||
GO:0030308, negative regulation of cell growth | ||||
GO:0045786, negative regulation of cell cycle | ||||
GO:0051782, negative regulation of cell division | ||||
Resisting cell death | 404 | 57 | GO:0012501, programmed cell death | |
GO:0043067, regulation of programmed cell death | ||||
Replicative immortality | 2 | 1 | GO:0090398, cellular senescence | |
GO:0032200, telomere organization | ||||
GO:0000723, telomere maintenance | ||||
GO:0032204, regulation of telomere maintenance | ||||
GO:0001302, replicative cell aging | ||||
GO:1900062, regulation of replicative cell aging | ||||
GO:2000772, regulation of cellular senescence | ||||
Sustained angiogenesis | 105 | 12 | GO:0001525, angiogenesis | |
GO:0045765, regulation of angiogenesis | ||||
GO:0001570, vasculogenesis | ||||
GO:2001212, regulation of vasculogenesis | ||||
GO:0008015, blood circulation | ||||
Tissue invasion and metastasis | 614 | 82 | GO:0007155, cell adhesion | |
GO:0001837, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition | ||||
GO:0016477, cell migration | ||||
GO:0030155, regulation of cell adhesion | ||||
GO:0030030, cell projection organization | ||||
GO:0030036, actin cytoskeleton organization | ||||
GO:0030030, cell projection organization | ||||
GO:0034330, cell junction organization | ||||
GO:0042330, taxis | ||||
GO:0007163, establishment or maintenance of cell polarity | ||||
Genome instability | 124 | 7 | GO:0006281, DNA repair | |
GO:0031570, DNA integrity checkpoint | ||||
GO:0045005, maintenance of fidelity involved in DNA-dependent DNA replication | ||||
GO:0006282, regulation of DNA repair | ||||
Tumor-promoting inflammation | 84 | 9 | GO:0006954, inflammatory response | |
GO:0002367, cytokine production involved in immune response | ||||
GO:0002718, regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response | ||||
GO:0042060, wound healing | ||||
GO:0061041, regulation of wound healing | ||||
GO:0050727, regulation of inflammatory response | ||||
GO:0042533, tumor necrosis factor biosynthetic process | ||||
Reprogramming energy metabolism | 8 | 2 | GO:0006006, glucose metabolic process | |
GO:0046323, glucose import | ||||
GO:0006096, glycolysis | ||||
GO:0071456, cellular response to hypoxia | ||||
Evading immune destruction | 150 | 19 | GO:0006955, immune response | |
GO:0002418, immune response to tumor cells | ||||
GO:0002837, regulation of immune response to tumor cells | ||||
GO:0020012, evasion or tolerance of host immune response | ||||
GO:0006897, endocytosis | ||||
Other | 1047 | 142 | Â | Â |